KANT

Those who cannot yet rid themselves of the notion that space and time are actual qualities inherent in things in themselves may exercise their acumen on the following paradox. When they have in vain attempted a solution and are free from prejudices at the last few moments, they will suspect that the reduction of space and time to mere forms of our sensuous intuition may perhaps well be founded.

I Found this quote interesting. I feel like Kant is trying to explain to us what he means by space and time bc maybe everyone has their own recollection of what space means to them. He explains that they are actual qualities inherent in things. Kant is saying what ever an object or something is made up of is what takes its space. that is what i am getting out of this quote.

kant: Metaphysics

Kant says: The distinction between ideas, i.e, pure concepts of reason, from the categories, or pure concepts of the understanding, as cognitions of a quite different species, origin, and use is so important a point founding a science which is to contain the system of all the a priori cognitions that, without this distinction, metaphysics is absolutely impossible or is at best a random, bungling attempt to build a castle in the air without a knowledge of the materials of their fitness for one purpose or another.

I found this quote interesting when Kant talks about ideas. What i get out of what he is saying is that without the a priori cognitions of the ideas you will never know which one will make sense or know the purpose of it. When you see someone write something or say something some ideas can be meant differently from what you think so through a priori it will help you figure the ideas out and how to experience and understand.

Kant- Syllogisms

Syllogism is defined as "a form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion." An example of this would be something like (a major premise) all humans are mortal.. (the minor premise) I am mortal (conclusion) therefore I am mortal.

Kant separates the differences of syllogisms into three categories: categorical, hypothetical and disjunctive necessary. The idea of the complete subject, the idea of the complete series of conditions and the determination of all concepts in the idea of a complete complex of that which is possible is what reason is founded in these 3 categories.

Through these 3 assures Kant that pure reason is completely represented.

Kant- Ideas of Reason

"..the ideas of reason, unlike the categories, are of no service to the use of our understanding in experience." Kant still believes that the ideas of reason are necessary though. He continues to say that if the soul is or is not a substance is no "consequence to us in the explanation of its phenomena." It struck me how Kant uses the word phenomena here. Looking up the definition of phenomena.. it says its something that is impressive or extraordinary.

I did some more research and I found something in which I think it might have to do with.. Kantianism which is under the definition of phenomena.. a thing as it might appears to and is constructed by the mind, as distinguish from a noumenon, or thing-in-itself." I found that to be very interesting how philosophy had its own section in the definition.

Kant-Mathematical Judgments

Kant states in this section that mathematicians all "proceed according to the principle of persuaded themselves that the fundamental propositions were known from the principle of contradiction." I agree with Kant on this matter. Kant says that he opposes this theory. Math is a priori judgement.. and a priori judgement cannot be a false, it is a fact. A priori judgement cannot be interpreted through experience.

"Mathematics cannot be proceeded from concepts but only by means of the constuction of concepts." I am not sure if I understand what Kant is specially trying to say here. What exactly is the construction of concepts? I took this quote personally by Kant trying to say that once a concept is constructed, thats it. There is no other way of doing that concept.. its almost stuck in stone.

Kant-Possibility of Nature

How is nature possible in general in the material sense, i.e., according to intuition, as the totality of appearances; how are space, time, and that which fills both- the object of sensation possible in general?

I dont think that nature is possible in general in the material sense, exept the things that are present in nature. Apperances, space and time is how nature is possibl...Appereances is mother nature(leaves, grass, water)space is the natural surroundings....and time-the sun and move-how everyday passes by.

Kant-Hume's Doubt

Now we are prepared to remove Hume's doubt. He justly maintains that we cannot comprhend by reason the possibility of causality, that is, of reference of the existence of one thing to the existence of another which is necessitated by the former.

I like that Kant points this out...I dont understant how Hume cannot understand that one thing leads to another...the existence has an effect on another thing and the effects just keep going on...cause and effect is what makes this world keep going...if it wasnt for one thing, we may not have another thing.